Structure of sentence

Structure of sentence    

Structure of sentence is a study in component parts of sentence.in order to compose a good sentence,the most important thing is to master the art of arranging words,phrases and clauses in their most effective setting. So it essential to understand the definition,meaning and attributes of some of the necessary parts of a sentence.

1.SENTENCE

A meaningful combination of words having subject and predicate is called a sentence. Sentence is understood in two way , for sentence making first need Subject, Verb, Object.

Sentence = Subject (Noun;Pronoun) + Verb + Object (Noun;Pronoun)

Noun, Pronoun and Verb are require for making a meaningful sentence. Sentence formation is easy if we read and study more about these structure because for the make subject or object, is require Noun/Pronoun.

Without Subject sentence is known as Predicate – like  Sentence (-) Subject = Predicate.

Subject use always before Verbs and Verb + rest part of sentence = Predicate.

How identified the Subject :- Answer of Noun/ Pronoun is always What and Who, and these Noun/ Pronoun decide Subject and Object but for Subject these use before Verbs.

eg. Sai Baba is worshipped everything.

The question is arrives that Who is worshipped everything? We say or the answer is above. In this sentence “Sai Baba” is a Subject and “is worshipped everything “ is Predicate.

Exercise:

Devide the following Sentences into subject and predicate:-

1.     The girl wearing a green frock is my cousin.

2.     The earth revolves round the sun.

3.     A thing of beauty is a joy for ever.

4.     All the boys and teachers of our school take part in games.

5.     Sweet are the usage of adversity.

KINDS OF SENTENCES

There are four kinds of sentences –

(i)                Affirmative Sentence – The sentence making a statement whether in affirmative or negative is called an affirmative sentence. Like –

·        The earth moves round the sun (Affirmative)

·        The earth is not flat (Negative)

(ii)              Interogative Sentence – A sentence that asks a question s called an Interogative Sentence. Like –

·        What is the matter ?

·        Who does not love his country ?

·       
Do you know his name ?

(iii)            Imperative Sentence – A sentence that expresses a command, a request, and entreaty or a wish is called an Imperative Sentence. As like –

·        Never surrender. (Command)

·        Lend me your book, please. (Request)

·        Help me, O God. (Entreaty)

·        Live long. (Wish)

(iv)            Exclamatory Sentence – A sentence that expresses some strong or request, and entreaty or sudden feeling is called an Exclamatory Sentence. As like –

·        What a horrible scene it was !

·        How hot it is !

Exercise :-  Say in the case of each of the following sentences whether it is Affirmative, Interogative, Imperative or Exclamatory –

1.     No man can serve two masters.

2.     Mind your own business.

3.     What a fool you are !

4.     Please let me work.

5.     Would you mind waiting for a few minutes ?

PHRASE :-

Averbless group of words, which makes sense, but not complete sense, is called a Phrase. For eg. –

·        This writer is a man ‘of great wealth’.

·        He has worked ‘to my satisfaction’.

·        He was a megistrate’in those days’.

·        ‘Thinking good thoughts’ makes a good man.

In all above sentences which use with the under line are Phrase.

CLAUSE :-

A group of words having a subject and a predicate of its own but does not have complete meaning is called a Clause. For eg. -

·        When she returned to India, we asked her many Questions.

·        No man can become rich unless he works hard.

·        A man who is courageous is respected everywhere.

·        Nobody expected that he would die.

In all above sentences which use with underline are Clause.

STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION OF SENTENCES :

There are three classes of sentences from the structure point of view –

(i)                The Simple Sentence : A sentence having only one finite verb (main verb) is called a simple sentence.

eg. – We met a girl with blue eyes. ;

          She expected to win a prize.

(ii)              The Compound Sentence : A sentence having two or more independent principal clause, these clause are joined by coordinnate conjunctions, is called a compound sentence.

eg. – The way was long and the night was could.

          Either she is foolish or she is mad.

(iii)            The Complex Sentence : A sentence having a Principal Clause and a subordinate clause is called a Complax Sentences. These sentences have subordinate conjunction to join them together.

eg. – He arrived before the performance began.

          We returned when the sun set.